Windpark Kelmarsh (2016) - 12.5 MW

Reliability Evaluation

Read parquet files

```{python}
#| label: Read-Data
tstatus = pl.read_parquet(f"{folder_path_interim}Kelmarsh_Turbines_Status_20160114_20230109_n385133_cols12.parquet")

tstatus
```

shape: (385_133, 12)

Timestamp start	Timestamp end	Status	Code	Message	Comment	Service contract category	IEC category	wt	Global contract category	Custom contract category	Duration
datetime[μs, UTC]	datetime[μs, UTC]	str	i64	str	str	str	str	str	str	str	duration[μs]
2016-01-14 19:28:03 UTC	2016-01-23 14:36:32 UTC	"Stop"	111	"Emergency stop nacelle"	null	"Emergency stop switch (Nacelle…	"Forced outage"	"T01"	null	null	8d 19h 8m 29s
2016-01-14 19:28:03 UTC	2016-01-14 19:38:03 UTC	"Warning"	5720	"Brake accumulator defect"	null	"Warnings (27)"	null	"T01"	null	null	10m
2016-01-14 19:28:05 UTC	2016-01-23 11:27:46 UTC	"Informational"	3835	"Cable panel breaker open"	null	"Warnings (27)"	null	"T01"	null	null	8d 15h 59m 41s
2016-01-14 19:28:05 UTC	2016-01-23 11:27:46 UTC	"Informational"	3830	"Supply circuit breaker earthed"	null	"Warnings (27)"	"Full Performance"	"T01"	null	null	8d 15h 59m 41s
2016-01-14 19:28:05 UTC	2016-01-23 14:09:18 UTC	"Warning"	3870	"Overload transformer fan outle…	null	"Warnings (27)"	"Full Performance"	"T01"	null	null	8d 18h 41m 13s
…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…
2022-12-31 12:28:30 UTC	null	"Informational"	100160	"System test 3"	null	null	"Technical Standby"	"T06"	null	null	null
2022-12-31 12:28:45 UTC	null	"Informational"	100180	"Run-up"	null	null	"Technical Standby"	"T06"	null	null	null
2022-12-31 12:30:58 UTC	null	"Informational"	100190	"Mains connection"	null	null	"Full Performance"	"T06"	null	null	null
2022-12-31 12:31:08 UTC	null	"Informational"	100200	"Mains run-up"	null	null	"Full Performance"	"T06"	null	null	null
2022-12-31 12:31:38 UTC	null	"Informational"	100210	"Mains operation"	null	null	"Full Performance"	"T06"	null	null	null

Filter Stop

```{python}
#| label: Filter-Stops

stops = pl.sql(    
    """
    SELECT * EXCLUDE ("Custom contract category")    
    FROM tstatus
    WHERE "Status" = 'Stop'
    """).collect()
```

Filter Forced Outages

```{python}
#| label: Filter-Forced-Outages

# Aggregate tables using SQL syntax
foutages = pl.sql(
    """
    SELECT * 
    FROM stops
    WHERE "IEC category" = 'Forced outage' 
    """).collect()

foutages = foutages.rename({"Duration":"TTR"})

# TTF
foutages = foutages.with_columns(
    (pl.col("Timestamp start").shift(-1) - pl.col("Timestamp end")).shift(1).alias("TTF")
    )

foutages = foutages.with_columns(
    pl.when(pl.col("TTF") < 0).then(None).otherwise(pl.col("TTF")).alias("TTF")
)

foutages
```

shape: (892, 12)

Timestamp start	Timestamp end	Status	Code	Message	Comment	Service contract category	IEC category	wt	Global contract category	TTR	TTF
datetime[μs, UTC]	datetime[μs, UTC]	str	i64	str	str	str	str	str	str	duration[μs]	duration[μs]
2016-01-14 19:28:03 UTC	2016-01-23 14:36:32 UTC	"Stop"	111	"Emergency stop nacelle"	null	"Emergency stop switch (Nacelle…	"Forced outage"	"T01"	null	8d 19h 8m 29s	null
2016-01-23 15:05:30 UTC	2016-01-23 15:06:42 UTC	"Stop"	117	"Emergency stop base box"	null	"Emergency stop switch (Convert…	"Forced outage"	"T01"	null	1m 12s	28m 58s
2016-01-24 16:51:17 UTC	2016-02-01 19:46:41 UTC	"Stop"	3110	"Frequency converter error"	null	"Generator and Converter errors…	"Forced outage"	"T01"	null	8d 2h 55m 24s	1d 1h 44m 35s
2016-02-11 14:36:37 UTC	2016-02-11 15:14:50 UTC	"Stop"	3585	"Maximum grid frequency"	null	"External stop (grid) (4)"	"Forced outage"	"T01"	null	38m 13s	9d 18h 49m 56s
2016-03-01 17:33:14 UTC	2016-03-01 17:35:14 UTC	"Stop"	3000	"Frequency converter not ready"	null	"Generator and Converter errors…	"Forced outage"	"T01"	null	2m	19d 2h 18m 24s
…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…
2022-05-11 14:08:43 UTC	2022-05-11 14:31:27 UTC	"Stop"	555	"Pitch angle deviation"	null	"Pitch errors (18)"	"Forced outage"	"T06"	"09 (Int) Fault"	22m 44s	2h 55m 14s
2022-05-12 02:37:43 UTC	2022-05-19 11:19:38 UTC	"Stop"	555	"Pitch angle deviation"	"Pitch fault - techs attended o…	"Pitch errors (18)"	"Forced outage"	"T06"	"09 (Int) Fault"	7d 8h 41m 55s	12h 6m 16s
2022-07-11 08:13:14 UTC	2022-07-11 13:48:21 UTC	"Stop"	6530	"Anemometer defect"	"Anemometer failed and replaced"	"Sensor error (21)"	"Forced outage"	"T06"	"09 (Int) Fault"	5h 35m 7s	52d 20h 53m 36s
2022-07-19 13:17:02 UTC	2022-07-19 18:11:27 UTC	"Stop"	3151	"Max.temp.conv.inl.>perm.out.t."	"Converters overheating due to …	"Temperature error (22)"	"Forced outage"	"T06"	"09 (Int) Fault"	4h 54m 25s	7d 23h 28m 41s
2022-11-02 17:39:07 UTC	2022-11-02 18:25:51 UTC	"Stop"	21	"Manual stop - remote"	null	"Remote stop (30)"	"Forced outage"	"T06"	"09 (Int) Fault"	46m 44s	105d 23h 27m 40s

Time Series for Binary Plot

```{python}
#| label: Binary-Plot

dtstarts = foutages.select(["Timestamp start", "Status", "Message",  "wt"]).rename({"Timestamp start": "Timestamp"})
dtends = foutages.select(["Timestamp end", "Status", "Message",  "wt"]).with_columns(pl.lit("Start").alias("Status")).rename({"Timestamp end": "Timestamp"})

tstates = pl.concat([dtstarts, dtends]).sort(["wt", 'Timestamp'])

# tstates_ts = dtstarts.join(dtends, on="Timestamp", how="full").sort(["wt", 'Timestamp'])

tstates= tstates.with_columns(
    pl.when(pl.col("Status") == "Stop").then(0).otherwise(1).alias("State"),
    pl.col("Timestamp").dt.year().alias("Year")    
    )

tstates= tstates.with_columns(    
    (pl.col("wt") + " - " + pl.col("Year").cast(str)).alias("wt_Year")
    )

tstates
#TODO: remove missing years!
```

shape: (1_784, 7)

Timestamp	Status	Message	wt	State	Year	wt_Year
datetime[μs, UTC]	str	str	str	i32	i32	str
2016-01-14 19:28:03 UTC	"Stop"	"Emergency stop nacelle"	"T01"	0	2016	"T01 - 2016"
2016-01-23 14:36:32 UTC	"Start"	"Emergency stop nacelle"	"T01"	1	2016	"T01 - 2016"
2016-01-23 15:05:30 UTC	"Stop"	"Emergency stop base box"	"T01"	0	2016	"T01 - 2016"
2016-01-23 15:06:42 UTC	"Start"	"Emergency stop base box"	"T01"	1	2016	"T01 - 2016"
2016-01-24 16:51:17 UTC	"Stop"	"Frequency converter error"	"T01"	0	2016	"T01 - 2016"
…	…	…	…	…	…	…
2022-07-11 13:48:21 UTC	"Start"	"Anemometer defect"	"T06"	1	2022	"T06 - 2022"
2022-07-19 13:17:02 UTC	"Stop"	"Max.temp.conv.inl.>perm.out.t."	"T06"	0	2022	"T06 - 2022"
2022-07-19 18:11:27 UTC	"Start"	"Max.temp.conv.inl.>perm.out.t."	"T06"	1	2022	"T06 - 2022"
2022-11-02 17:39:07 UTC	"Stop"	"Manual stop - remote"	"T06"	0	2022	"T06 - 2022"
2022-11-02 18:25:51 UTC	"Start"	"Manual stop - remote"	"T06"	1	2022	"T06 - 2022"

Plot Square Signal

```{python}
#| label: Square-Signal-Plot

import plotly.express as px

# Other line_shape options, or interpolation methods between given points:

# 'hv' step ends, equivalent to pyplot's post option;
# 'vh' step starts;
# 'hvh' step middles, x axis;
# 'vhv' step middles, y axis;
# 'spline' smooth curve between points;
# 'linear' line segments between points, default value for line_shape.

fig = px.line(tstates, x='Timestamp', y="State", line_shape='hv', facet_row="wt_Year", color="wt",
     title="Time / State Diagram for Kellmarsh Wind Turbines (2016-2022)",
     subtitle= "(0) Down Step=Forced outage (IEC), (1) Up Step=Start",
     labels={"Timestamp": "Time (UTC)", "State": "", "wt": ""},facet_row_spacing=0.01 )

# Update y-axis to show only 0 and 1 as labels
fig.update_yaxes(
    tickvals=[0, 1],  # Set tick values to 0 and 1
    ticktext=["", ""]  # Optional: Explicitly set tick text
)

fig.update_xaxes(matches=None, tickformat="%b"  )


# Update facet labels orientation and size
fig.for_each_annotation(lambda a: a.update(text=a.text.split("-")[-1],textangle=0, xanchor='left', x=-0.04))  # Make labels horizontal
fig.update_annotations(font_size=8)  # Reduce font size

fig.show()
```